پتروگرافی، محیط رسوبی و چینه نگاری سکانسی سازند تاربور در منطقه شیراز (فارس داخلی)

نویسنده

استادیار گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد استهبان، استهبان، ایران

چکیده

توالی کامپانین-ماستریشتین در منطقه شیراز فارس داخلی سازندهای گورپی و تاربور را شامل می‌شوند. به‌منظور مطالعه پتروگرافی، ارزیابی تکامل محیط رسوبی و چینه­نگاری سکانسی سازند تاربور تعداد 2 برش چینه­شناسی کوه قلعه و کوه شهرک ابرج در شهرستان مرودشت استان فارس انتخاب و مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. بر اساس مطالعات صحرایی، نمونه‌های دستی و مطالعه دقیق میکروسکوپی تعداد 250 برش نازک تهیه ‌شده از سازندهای مورد مطالعه تعداد 14 رخساره (11 ریزرخساره کربناته و 3 لیتوفاسیس) شناسایی گردید که در یک پلاتفرم شلف لبه­دار رسوب‌گذاری شده‌اند. با مطالعه حدود 1400 متر رسوبات بازه زمانی ماستریشتین بسته به موقعیت قرارگیری برش‌های مورد مطالعه از لحاظ چینه­نگاری سکانسی تعداد 3 سکانس رسوبی درجه سوم شناسایی و تفکیک گردید. در بازه زمانی کامپانین و شکل‌گیری بسته رسوبی LST به سمت شمال شرقی منطقه مورد مطالعه (برش کوه قلعه) رسوبات آواری بخش پایینی سازند تاربور و در بخش‌های عمیق­تر حوضه رسوبی سازند گورپی به‌صورت هم‌ارز رسوب‌گذاری شده است. در زمان بالا بودن و ایستایی سطح آب دریا (دسته رخساره HST) و بالا بودن نرخ تولید کربنات در بخش شیب‌دار محیط رسوبی واریزه­های ریفی به‌صورت بین لایه‌ای (پکستون و گرینستون رودیست­دار) در بین آهک­های سازند تاربور رسوب‌گذاری شده‌اند. مهم‌ترین فرایندهای دیاژنزی مؤثر بر توالی مورد مطالعه می‌توان به نوشکلی، زیست­آشفتگی، میکرایتی شدن، سیمانی شدن، انحلال، فشردگی مکانیکی، استیلولیتی شدن، پیریتی شدن، هماتیتی شدن، دولومیتی شدن و شکستگی است که تغییرات دیاژنز تحت تاثیر الگوی انباشتگی رسوبات در زمان پسروی و پیشروی آب دریا است. مطالعات پالئوژئوگرافی منطقه مورد مطالعه نشان می­دهد که در بازه زمانی کامپانین جنوب شرقی منطقه مورد مطاله (برش کوه قلعه) خارج از آب قرار داشته است و عمده رخساره­های تشکیل شده در این برش شامل رخساره­های آواری قرمز رنگ کنگلومرا، میکروکنگلومرا، ماسه­سنگ و شیل و مارن­های قرمز رنگ است که به سمت شمال و شمال غرب منطقه مورد مطالعه (برش کوه شهرک) عمق بیشتر شده و شیل­های سبزرنگ سازند گورپی نهشته شده است. در بازه زمانی ماستریشتین بالایی در زمان سکون نسبی آب دریا و حکمفرما شدن محیط رسوبی غالب دریایی بسته رسوبی HST به صورت انباشته‌های کربناته زیستی مرجانی و رودیستی با ضخامت زیاد و چهره­ساز رخنمون می­یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Petrography, sedimentary environment and sequence stratigraphy of Tarbur Formation in Shiraz area (Interior Fars)

نویسنده [English]

  • R. Mirzaee Mahmoodabadi
Assist. Prof., Dept., of Geology, Islamic Azad University, Estahban Branch, Estahban, Iran
چکیده [English]

The Campanian-Maastrichtian sequence in the Shiraz region of Inner Fars includes Gurpi and Tarbur formations. In order to study petrography and evaluate the evolution of the sedimentary environment and sequence stratigraphy of these sediments, two stratigraphic sections of Koh-e Qhale and Koh-e Shahrek Abarj in Marvdasht city of Fars province were selected and analyzed. Based on field studies, manual samples, and a detailed microscopic study of 250 thin sections prepared from the studied formations, it was identified that 14 facies (11 carbonate microfacies and three lithofacies) were deposited in a shelf carbonate platform. By studying about 1400 meters of Maastrichtian sediments, depending on the location of the sections under study, three third depositional sequences were identified and separated in terms of sequence stratigraphy. During the Campanian period and the formation of the LST systems tract towards the northeast of the studied area (Koh-e Qhale section), the clastic sediments of the lower part of the Tarbur formation and in the deeper parts of the sedimentary basin of the Gurpi formation were deposited equivalently. At the time of the highstand systems tract (HST facies) and high carbonate production rate in the steep part of the sedimentary environment, interlayered reef deposits (rudist packstone and rudist grainstone) were deposited between the limestones of the Tarbur Formation. The most critical diagenesis processes affecting the studied sequence can be called neomorphism, bioturbation, micriteization, cementation, dissolution, mechanical compaction, stylolitization, pyritization, hematitization, dolomitization, and fracturing, which diagenesis changes are influenced by the pattern of sediment accumulation in time depond on the relative sea level change. Paleogeographical studies of the studied area show that during the Campanian period, the southeast of the studied area (Koh-e Qhale section) was out of water. Moreover, the main facies formed in this section include red conglomerate, microconglomerate, sandstone, shale, and red marl facies, which deepen towards the north and northwest of the study area (Koh-e Shahrak section) and shales Green Gurpi Formation was deposited. In the upper Maastrichtian period, during the relative stillness of the sea water and the dominant marine sedimentary environment, the HST systems tract is exposed in the form of rudist carbonate buildup with significant thickness and facies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sedimentary environment
  • Diagenesis
  • Tarbur Formation
  • Carbonate Shelf
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