Flow units characterization of the Sarvak Formation in a sequence stratigraphic framework: a case study from an oil-field in the Abadan Plain, SW Iran

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Abstract

Sarvak Formation, as part of Bangestan group, is important for the production and exploration of hydrocarbons in the Zagros and Persian Gulf basins. In this study, for identifying flow units and interpreting reservoir quality changes in Sarvak Formation in the sequence stratigraphic framework, combining many data like core description, petrographic and porosity-permeability studies on core samples in one of the large field of the Abadan plain have been used. These data are including of 388m core samples, 420 microscopic thin sections and 800 porosity-permeability plugs from two key wells. Based on sequence stratigraphic side of view, the upper part of Sarvak Formation in the studied field can be divided in to tow 3rd order sequences. Based on the stratigraphic modified Lorenz plot (SMLP), flow units were identified and interpreted. Sequence stratigraphy and reservoir quality studies show that the best flow units are related to the middle and the upper part of high stand system tract and the middle of transgressive system tract. Packstone and rudstone related to the proximal open marine and also talus are the facieses associated with this system tract.

Keywords


آقانباتی، س. ع (1392) زمین­شناسی ایران و کشورهای همجوار، سازمان زمین­شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور. ص 676.
اسعدی، ع.، هنرمند، ج.، رحمانی، ع.، رئیسی، ع. ر (1394) شناسایی و تفسیر رخساره­های رسوبی و دیاژنزی از طریق مفهوم رخساره لاگ­ها، مطالعه موردی از مخزن سروک در یکی از میادین بزرگ نفتی جنوب­غربی ایران. دوفصلنامه رسوب­شناسی کاربردی، جلد 6، شماره 2، ص. 103-119.
اسعدی، ع.، هنرمند، ج.، ع.، معلمی، س، ع.، عبداللهی فرد، ا (1395) تعیین واحدهای جریانی در بخش مخزنی سازند سروک، مطالعه موردی در یکی از میادین هیدروکربنی جنوب­غرب ایران، فصلنامه پژوهش نفت، دوره 26، ص. 66-82.
جدیری آقایی، ر.، رحیم­پور بناب، ح.، توکلی، و.، کدخدائی ایلخچی، ر.، یوسف­پور، م. ر (1396) مطالعه واحدهای جریانی و رخساره­های الکتریکی در سازند میشریف (بخش بالایی سازند سروک) و تخمین ضخامت زون مخزنی در مـیدان­های نفتی سیری (خلیج فارس)، دوفصلنامه رسوب­شناسی کاربردی، جلد 6، شماره 9، ص. 86-98.
فرامرزی، س.، رحیم­پور بناب، ح.، رنجبران، م (1394) بازسازی توالی فرآیندهای دیاژنزی در بخش بالایی سازند سروک در یکی از میادین جنوب غرب ایران، کارگاه­های آموزشی و سی و چهارمین گردهمایی و دومین کنگره بین­المللی تخصصی علوم­زمین، ایران-تهران، ص. 7.
فرامرزی، س.، رحیم­پور بناب، ح.، رنجبران، م (1396) کنترل رخساره­ها و فرآیندهای دیاژنزی بر کیفیت مخزنی سازند سروک در یکی از میادین نفتی ناحیه دشت آبادان، جنوب غرب ایران. دوره 27، شماره 105.
کمالی، م.ر، پرهام، س (1391) زمین­شناسی مخازن کربناته: تشخیص، توصیف و ارزیابی خواص مخازن هیدروکربنی در سنگ­های کربناته، (تالیف واین اهر)، پژوهشگاه صنعت نفت، 383 ص.
مطیعی، ه (1372) زمین شناسی ایران، چینه­شناسی زاگرس، سازمان زمین­شناسی کشور، 536 ص.
Abdollahie Fard, I. A., Braathen, A., Mokhtari, M. & Alavi, S. A. (2006 (Interaction of the Zagros Fold–Thrust Belt and the Arabian-type, deep-seated folds in the Abadan Plain and the Dezful Embayment, SW Iran. Petroleum Geoscience, 12)4): 347-362.
Ahr, W. M (2008) Geology of carbonate reservoirs. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 296 p.
Al-Ajmi, F. A., Holditch, S. A (2000) Permeability estimation using hydraulic flow units in a central Arabia reservoir. SPE paper No. 63254.
Alavi, M (2007) Structures of the Zagros fold-thrust belt in Iran. American Journal of Sciences, 307: 1064–1095.
Amaefule, J. O., Altunbay, M., Tiab, D., Kersey, D. G., Keelan, D. K (1993) Enhanced reservoir description; using core and log data to identify hydraulic (flow) units and predict permeability in uncored intervals/wells: Formation evaluation and reservoir geology. Society of Petroleum Engineers Annual Conference, p. 205-220.
Aqrawi, A. A. M., Mahdi, T. A., Sherwani, G. H., Horbury, A. D (2010) Characterization of the Mid-Cretaceous Mishrif reservoir of the southern Mesopotamian Basin, Iraq. In: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Conference and Exhibition, p. 7–10.
Assadi, A., Honarmand, J., Moallemi, S. A. & AbdollahieFard, I. A (2016) Depositional environments and sequence stratigraphy of the Sarvak Formation in an oil field in the Abadan Plain, SW Iran. Facies, 62(4): 26.
Assadi, A., Honarmand, J., Moallemi, S. A., & Abdollahie-Fard, I (2018) An integrated approach for identification and characterization of palaeo-exposure surfaces in the upper Sarvak Formation of Abadan Plain, SW Iran. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 145: 32-48.
Ebanks, W. J. (1987) Flow unit concept-integrated approach to reservoir description for engineering projects. AAPG Meeting Abstracts, 1: 521-522.
Emery, D., Myers, K. J (1996) Seqence Stratigraphy. Blackwell, Oxford, 297p.
Ghabeishavi, A., Vaziri-Moghaddam, H., Taheri,A. & Taati, F (2010) Microfacies and depositional environment of the Cenomanian of the Bangestan anticline, SW Iran. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 37: 275-285.
Ghazban, F (2007) Petroleum geology of the Persian Gulf. Joint publication, Tehran University Press and National Iranian Oil Company, Tehran.
Gomes, J. S., Riberio, M. T., Strohmenger, C. J., Negahban, S., Kalam, M. Z (2008) Carbonate Reservoir Rock Typing – The Link between Geology and SCAL. SPE paper 118284.
Gunter, G. W., Finneran, J. M., Hartmann, D. J. and Miller, J. D (1997) Early determination of reservoir flow units using an integrated petrophysical method. Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, p. 373-380.
Hajikazemi, E., Al-Aasm, I. S. & Coniglio, M (2010) Subaerial exposure and meteoric diagenesis of the Cenomanian-Turonian Upper Sarvak Formation, southwestern Iran. In: Leturmy, P. & Robin, C. (Eds), Tectonic and Stratigraphic Evolution of Zagros and Makran during the Mesozoic–Cenozoic, Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 330: 253-272.
Hajikazemi, E., Al‐Aasm, I. S. & Coniglio, M (2012) Chemostratigraphy of Cenomanian–Turonian carbonates of the Sarvak Formation, Southern Iran. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 35(2): 187-205.
Hajikazemi, E., Al‐Aasm, I. S. & Coniglio, M (2017) Diagenetic history and reservoir properties of the Cenomanian-Turonian carbonates in southwestern Iran and the Persian Gulf, 88: 845-857.
Hollis, C (2011) Diagenetic controls on reservoir properties of carbonate successions within the Albian–Turonian of the Arabian Plate. Petroleum Geoscience, 17(3): 223-241.
Huber, B. T., Norris, R. D., and MacLeod, K. G (2002) Deep-sea paleotemperature record of extreme warmth during the Cretaceous. Geology, 30(2): 123-126.
James, G. A. & Wynd, J. G (1965) Stratigraphic nomenclature of Iranian oil consortium agreement area. American Association Petroleum Geologists, 49(12): 2182–2245.
Mehrabi, H., Rahimpour-Bonab, H., Enayati-Bidgoli, A. H., Esrafili-Dizaji, B (2015a) Impact of contrasting paleoclimate on carbonate reservoir architecture: Cases from arid Permo-Triassic and humid Cretaceous platforms in the south and southwestern Iran. Journal ofPetroleum Science and Engineering, 126: 262–283.
Mehrabi H., Rahimpour-Bonab H., Hajikazemi E. & Jamalian, A (2015b) Controls on depositional facies in Upper Cretaceous carbonate reservoirs in the Zagros area and the Persian Gulf, Iran Facies, 61: 1-24.
Mehrabi, H., Rahimpour-Bonab, H (2014) Paleoclimate and tectonic controls on the depositional and diagenetic history of the Cenomanian–early Turonian carbonate reservoirs, Dezful Embayment, SW Iran. Facies, 60 (1): 147-167.
Murris, R. J. (1980) Middle East: stratigraphic evolution and oil habitat. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 64 (5): 597–618.
Navidtalab, A., Rahimpour-Bonab, H., Huck, S. and Heimhofer, U. 2016. Elemental geochemistry and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of Cenomanian to Santonian neritic carbonates in the Zagros Basin, Iran. Sedimentary Geology, 346: 35-48.
Nelson, R (2001) Geologic analysis of naturally fractured reservoirs, Gulf Professional Publishing. p. 332.
Rahimpour-Bonab, H., Mehrabi, H., Enayati-Bidgoli, A. H. & Omidvar, M (2012) Coupled imprints of tropical climate and recurring emergence on reservoir evolution of a mid-Cretaceous carbonate ramp, Zagros Basin, southwest Iran. Cretaceous Research, 37: 15-34.
Rahimpour‐Bonab, H., Mehrabi, H., Navidtalab, A., Omidvar, M., Enayati‐Bidgoli, A. H. & Sonei, R., Izadi‐Mazidi, E (2013) Palaeo‐exposure surfaces in Cenomanian–Santonian carbonate reservoirs in the Dezful embayment, SW Iran. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 36 (4): 335-362.
Razin, P., Taati, F. & Van Buchem, F. S. P (2010) Sequence stratigraphy of Cenomanian–Turonian carbonate platform margins (Sarvak Formation) in the High Zagros, SW Iran: an outcrop reference model for the Arabian Plate. In: van Buchem, F. S. P., Gerdes, K. D. & Esteban, M. (Eds.), Mesozoic and Cenozoic Carbonate Systems of the Mediterranean and the Middle East: Stratigraphic and Diagenetic Reference Models, Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 329: 187-218.
Sattarzadeh Y, Cosgrove J, Vita-Finzi C (1999) The interplay of faulting and folding during the evolution of the Zagros deformation belt, In: Cosgrove, J. W. & Ameen, M. S. (Eds.), Forced Folds and Fractures, Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 169: 187-196.
Setudehnia, A (1978) The Mesozoic sequence in southwest Iran and adjacent areas. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 1(1): 3–42.
Sharland, P. R., Archer, R., Casey, D. M., Davies, R. B., Hall, S. H., Heyward, A. P., Horbury, A. D. & Simmons, M. D (2001) Arabian plate sequence stratigraphy. GeoArabia, Special Publication 2, 371 p.
Sharp, I., Gillespie, P., Morsalnezhad, D., Taberner, C., Karpuz, R., Verge’s, J., Horbury, A., Pickard, N., Garland, J.,
Svirsky D., Ryazanov A., Pankov M., Yukos E.P (2004) Corbett P. W. M., Hydraulic flow units resolve reservoir description challenges in a Siberian Oil Field", SPE Paper87056, 12 p.
Taghavi, A. A., Mork, A. and Emadi, M. A )2006) Sequence stratigraphically controlled diagenesis governs reservoir quality in the carbonate Dehluran field, SW Iran. Petroleum Geoscience, 12: 115-126.
Van Buchem, F. S. P., Simmons, M. D., Droste, H. J. & Davies, R. B (2011) Late Aptian to Turonian stratigraphy of the eastern Arabian Plate–depositional sequences and lithostratigraphic nomenclature. Petroleum Geoscience, 17(3): 211-222.
Vincent, B., van Buchem, F. S., Bulot, L. G., Jalali, M., Swennen, R., Hosseini, A. S. & Baghbani, D (2015) Depositional sequences, diagenesis and structural control of the Albian to Turonian carbonate platform systems in coastal Fars (SW Iran). Marine and Petroleum Geology, 63: 46-67.