Middle Permian paleo-ecological conditions and depositional processes in Iran and causes of large-test fusulinids extinction

Author

Abstract

In order to examine the effect of paleo-ecological conditions and depositional processes on large-test fusulinids in Middle Permian deposits of Iran two stratigraphic sections in Shotori and Bagh-e Vang Mountains in Tabas Block located in east-central Iran and one stratigraphic section in Hambast Valley, Abadeh area situated in west-central Iran were studied. The possible cause of the few occurrences of large-test fusulinid in Roadian-Wordian carbonates of the Shotori section, which are deposited in a shallow subtidal to high-energy shoal, was high temperature (more than 36° centigrade) of paleo sea indicating unfavorable condition for algal-symbiont large-test fusulinids life. There is no large-test fusulinid in Roadian-Wordian limestones with chert bands of Bagh-e Vang section deposited in a relatively deep basinal environment. In Hambast Valley section, the Roadian-Wordian shallow-water subtidal limestones of the middle and upper parts of the Unit 1 of Surmaq Formation contain abundant large-test fusulinids. No large-test fusulinid is recorded from the relatively deep basinal limestones interbedded with chert bands of the Unit 2 of the Surmaq Formation. The presence of cherts in the Middle Permian of Iran in both Bagh-e Vang and Hambast Valley sections are related with Middle Permian chert-event and eutrophication also reported in South China and North America which is adverse for the life of large-test fusulinids in oligotrophic shallow water environment. The last horizon of the large-test fusulinids in Hambast Valley section is in the basal part of the upper Wordian Unit 3 of the Surmaq Formation. Considering the local disappearance of the large-test fusulinids in the three studied sections before the end-Guadalupian bio-event, it can be concluded that the climate change and the nutrient level input had major role in extinction of these organisms.

Keywords


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