Petrography, sedimentary environment and sequence stratigraphy of Tarbur Formation in Shiraz area (Interior Fars)

Author

Assist. Prof., Dept., of Geology, Islamic Azad University, Estahban Branch, Estahban, Iran

Abstract

The Campanian-Maastrichtian sequence in the Shiraz region of Inner Fars includes Gurpi and Tarbur formations. In order to study petrography and evaluate the evolution of the sedimentary environment and sequence stratigraphy of these sediments, two stratigraphic sections of Koh-e Qhale and Koh-e Shahrek Abarj in Marvdasht city of Fars province were selected and analyzed. Based on field studies, manual samples, and a detailed microscopic study of 250 thin sections prepared from the studied formations, it was identified that 14 facies (11 carbonate microfacies and three lithofacies) were deposited in a shelf carbonate platform. By studying about 1400 meters of Maastrichtian sediments, depending on the location of the sections under study, three third depositional sequences were identified and separated in terms of sequence stratigraphy. During the Campanian period and the formation of the LST systems tract towards the northeast of the studied area (Koh-e Qhale section), the clastic sediments of the lower part of the Tarbur formation and in the deeper parts of the sedimentary basin of the Gurpi formation were deposited equivalently. At the time of the highstand systems tract (HST facies) and high carbonate production rate in the steep part of the sedimentary environment, interlayered reef deposits (rudist packstone and rudist grainstone) were deposited between the limestones of the Tarbur Formation. The most critical diagenesis processes affecting the studied sequence can be called neomorphism, bioturbation, micriteization, cementation, dissolution, mechanical compaction, stylolitization, pyritization, hematitization, dolomitization, and fracturing, which diagenesis changes are influenced by the pattern of sediment accumulation in time depond on the relative sea level change. Paleogeographical studies of the studied area show that during the Campanian period, the southeast of the studied area (Koh-e Qhale section) was out of water. Moreover, the main facies formed in this section include red conglomerate, microconglomerate, sandstone, shale, and red marl facies, which deepen towards the north and northwest of the study area (Koh-e Shahrak section) and shales Green Gurpi Formation was deposited. In the upper Maastrichtian period, during the relative stillness of the sea water and the dominant marine sedimentary environment, the HST systems tract is exposed in the form of rudist carbonate buildup with significant thickness and facies.

Keywords


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