Applied Sedimentology

Applied Sedimentology

Paleoenvironmental reconstruction, sequence stratigraphy and reservoir quality of Lower Cretaceous sequences (Kazhdumi Formation) in the northwest of the Persian Gulf

Authors
S. A. M. Shahidi 1
H. Mehrabi 2
S. M. Zamanzadeh 3
1 M. Sc., student. School of Geology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Assist. Prof., School of Geology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Assoc. Prof., School of Geology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
10.22084/psj.2024.29623.1444
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the control of facies characteristics and depositional environments on the distribution of reservoir parameters (porosity and permeability) in the Kazhdumi (Burgan) reservoir formation in one of the fields in the northwest of the Persian Gulf. This formation is composed of fine- to medium-grained sandstones, mudstone, calcareous shales, and limited carbonate sequences, and consists of eight sedimentary facies. Based on the integration of sedimentological and reservoir properties, the Kazhdumi Formation is divided into two sections: the lower and upper parts. The lower section, composed of a thick sequence of high-quality sandstones, constitutes the most significant reservoir horizon. The sandstones in the upper part of this formation also have notable reservoir significance. In this study, a comprehensive dataset including core samples, plugs, and thin-section petrographic analyses, along with porosity-permeability data, were utilized to evaluate the reservoir quality of the Kazhdumi Formation. Based on the described facies, the depositional environment of the Kazhdumi Formation is interpreted as a deltaic to open marine setting in the northwest of the Persian Gulf. Sequence stratigraphy analysis was conducted using the transgressive-regressive method and the Exxon sequence stratigraphy model. To assess reservoir quality, methods such as reservoir quality index determination, Winland rock type classification, and modified Lorenz plot were employed. It was ultimately determined that the medium- to coarse-grained, well-sorted, matrix-free sandstone facies in the lower part of the Kazhdumi Formation created the best reservoir horizons. These facies, due to early oil migration and high sedimentation rates, underwent minimal diagenesis and remain loosely consolidated to semi-consolidated, correlating with the lowstand systems tract in the sedimentary sequence of the Kazhdumi Formation.
Keywords
Kazhdumi (Burgan) Formation
Persian Gulf
Lower Cretaceous
Paleoenvironment
Sequence stratigraphy
Reservoir quality
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  • Receive Date 21 July 2024
  • Revise Date 07 October 2024
  • Accept Date 08 October 2024