بررسی اثرات مونسون بر مشخصه‌های بافتی رسوبات بخش ایرانی فلات قاره شمال دریای عمان (خلیج چابهار تا پسابندر)

آفرین, محمد; رضائی, پیمان; حمزه, محمدعلی; جویباری, سیده اکرم

doi:10.22084/psj.2023.27646.1391

بررسی اثرات مونسون بر مشخصه‌های بافتی رسوبات بخش ایرانی فلات قاره شمال دریای عمان (خلیج چابهار تا پسابندر)

نویسندگان

¹ دانشجوی دکترا رسوب‌شناسی و سنگ‌شناسی رسوبی، دانشگاه هرمزگان و کارشناس پژوهشی ایستگاه پژوهش و فناوری اقیانوس‌شناسی و علوم جوی، چابهار، ایران

² دانشیار گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران

³ استادیار پژوهشگاه ملی اقیانوس‌شناسی و علوم جوی، ایستگاه پژوهش و فناوری اقیانوس‌شناسی و علوم جوی، بندرعباس، ایران

⁴ دکترا رسوب‌شناسی و سنگ‌شناسی رسوبی، گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران

10.22084/psj.2023.27646.1391

چکیده

در این پژوهش، تاثیر پدیده مونسون بر مشخصه‌های بافتی رسوبات سواحل ایرانی دریای عمان بررسی گردید. بدین منظور از 13 ایستگاه نمونهبرداری‌های لازم بر اساس استانداردهای رسوبشناسی دریایی انجام شد. بررسی میزان اندازه ذرات در نمونه‌های پیش و پس از وقوع مونسون نشان داد که بافت این رسوبات ماسه، ماسهرسی، رسماسه‌ای و رس می‌باشد. آنالیز دانه‌بندی نشان داد مقدار ماسه و رس در نمونه‌های پیش از مونسون ایستگاه‌های کم عمق و نزدیک به ساحل به ترتیب بین 43 تا 97 و صفر تا 27 درصد متغیر است. این مقادیر در ایستگاه‌های ژرف و دور از ساحل به ترتیب بین 8 الی 45 و 54 الی 82 درصد در تغییر است. مقادیر ماسه و رس در نمونه‌های پس از مونسون ایستگاه‌های کم ژرفا و نزدیک به ساحل به ترتیب بین 68 تا 96 درصد و صفر تا 13 درصد و در ایستگاه‌های ژرف و دور از ساحل در نمونه‌های پس از مونسون بین 8 تا 22 درصد و 58 تا 86 درصد در نوسان است. میزان مواد آلی رسوبات در بیشتر ایستگاه‌های مطالعاتی بین 1 تا 3 درصد متغیر و در محدوده طبیعی بود. افزایش ماده آلی تحت تاثیر فعالیت‌های انسانی و بافت دانه ریز رسوبات می‌باشد و کاهش آن نیز می‌تواند ناشی از ورود پسآب شور به محیط خلیج باشد. میزان کربنات کلسیم در رسوبات ارتباط نزدیکی با میزان ماسه موجود در رسوبات دارد. در ایستگاه‌های رمین و تیس که انرژی امواج در آن‌ها بیشتر از ایستگاه‌های داخل خلیج چابهار است، میزان کربنات کلسیم بیشتری داشته و برعکس میزان مواد آلی به دلیل رقیقشدگی حاصل از ورود رسوبات خشکی‌زاد بیشتر و زدایش رسوبات دانه‌ریز حاوی مواد آلی کمتر می‌باشد. جورشدگی نمونه‌ها از نوع متوسط- خوب بوده و نمونه رسوبات ایستگاه‌های کم ژرف نزدیک ساحل و ژرف دور از ساحل به ترتیب دارای کجشدگی منفی و مثبت بوده و شاخص کشیدگی در بیشتر نمونه‌ها از نوع بسیار کشیده است. با نفوذ بادهای موسمی اقیانوس هند به سواحل دریای عمان و به طبع آن وزش بادهای نسبتاً شدید با جهت جنوب باختری- شمال خاوری، موجب مواج شدن دریا در تابستان و باعث فرسایش نهشته‌های آواری درشت دانه تا ریزدانه نواحی ساحلی گردیده که یکی از منابع مهم رسوبات دریایی محدوده مطالعاتی هستند. این یافته‌ها تاکیدی است بر عملکرد پدیده مونسون بر ویژگی‌های بافتی رسوبات فلات قاره شمال دریای عمان.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the effects of monsoon on the textural characteristics of sediments sediments in the Iranian part of the continental plateau of the North Sea of Oman (Chabahar Bay to Pasbandar)

نویسندگان [English]

M. Afarin ¹
P. Rezaee ²
M. A. Hamzeh ³
S. A. Jooybari ⁴

¹ Ph. D. student in Sedimentology and sedimentary petrology, University of Hormozgan and Research stuff, Research and Technology Station of Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences, Chabahar, Iran

² Assoc. Prof., Dept., of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran

³ Assist. Prof., National Research Institute of Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences, Research and Technology Station of Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran

⁴ Ph. D in Sedimentology and sedimentary petrology, Dept., of Geology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran

چکیده [English]

In this research, the effect of monsoon phenomenon on the textural characteristics of the sediments of Iranian coasts of the Oman Sea was investigated. For this purpose, necessary sampling was done from 13 stations based on marine sedimentological standards. According to the amounts of sand, silt and clay in the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon samples, the sedimentary types of sand, clayey sand, sandy clay and clay were identified in the studied stations. Granulometric analysis showed that the amount of sand and clay in pre-monsoon samples of shallow and near-shore stations (Tiss, Desalination, Center of the Bay, Ramin, Beris and Pasabandar) range from 43 to 97 and 0 – 27%, respectively. On the other hand, these values change between 8 – 45% and 54 - 82 % in deep and offshore stations, respectively. The amount of sand and clay in post-monsoon samples of shallow and near-shore stations vary between 68% - 96% and 0% - 13%, respectively. The amount of sand and clay in deep stations and far from the coast in post-monsoon samples fluctuates between 8-22% and 58-86%. The amount of organic matter in sediments varies between 1 and 3% in most of the studied stations and is within the normal range. This amount showed a slight increase in Konarak and Ramin stations due to human pollutants and fine-grained sedimentary texture. The low amount of organic matter in the desalination station can be caused by the inflow of more saline wastewater into the bay environment. The calcium carbonate content in the sediments is closely related to the amount of sand in the sediments. In Ramin and Tiss stations, where the waves are stronger than the Chabahar bay, they have more calcium carbonate, and on the contrary, the amount of organic matter is higher due to the dilution resulting from the entry of terrigenous sediments and carrying organic matter bearing Fine-grained sediments. The sorting of the samples is medium-good, and the sediment samples from the shallow stations near the coast and deep offshore have negative and positive skewness, respectively, and the elongation index in most of the samples is very elongated. Also, due to the intrusion of the Indian Ocean monsoon winds to the coasts of the Oman Sea in this region and the relatively strong southwest-northeast direction winds, it causes the sea to swell in the summer and erodes the sandstone geological formations of the coastal areas, which is one of the important sources of marine sediments in the study area. These findings emphasize the effect of the monsoon phenomenon on the textural characteristics of the continental plateau sediments of the North Sea of Oman.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Physical Characteristics
Sediment
Monsoon
Coast of Oman

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