بررسی تشکیل پیریت های فرامبویید در شیل های سیاه دریایی دونین بالایی در جنوب شرق ایران مرکزی: کاربردی در جهت ارزیابی میزان اکسیژن آب در محیط های رسوبی دیرینه

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه اکولوژی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه زمین‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش، تشکیل پیریت­های فرامبویید در ­دو افق شیلی سیاه دریایی دونین بالایی در جنوب شرق ایران مرکزی واقع در جنوب بلوک طبس مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. جهت شناسایی و بررسی مورفولوژی و اشکال پیریت­های فرامبوییدی، در ابتدا تعدادی مقاطع پالیش از نمونه­های شیلی پیریت­دار تهیه شدند. سپس مقاطع پالیش توسط میکروسکپ الکترونی روبشی ­(SEM) بررسی ­­و بلورهای پیریتی موجود در آن­ها بوسیله آن مشاهده و عکس­برداری شدند. پیریت­ها به صورت کروی تا نیمه­کروی شناسایی شدند و هـرکدام از آن­ها از میکروکریستال­های پیریتی هم اندازه و متراکم که به اشکال یوهدرال و یوهدرال اکتاهدرال دیده می­شوند تشکیل شده­اند. به طور کلی اندازه قطر پیریت­های فرامبویید در مجموع دو افق شیلی سیاه مطالعه شده بین ۵ تا ۱۸ میکرون متغییر می­باشد. بر اساس پراکندگی، فراوانی نسبی و اندازه پیریت­های فرامبویید، آن­ها عمدتاً به صورت دیاژنزی اولیه در زیر مرز اکسیداسیون- احیا، داخل نهشته­های درون بستر محیط دریایی نزدیک ساحل در زیر ستونی از­ آب­هایی با شرایط اکسیک تا کمی دیسوکسیک تشکیل شدند. در شرایطی که آب­های تحتانی در محیط رسوب­گذاری دو افق شیلی سیاه پیریت­دار اکسیک تا کمی دیسوکسیک بوده­اند، میکروکریستال­های موجود در پیریت­ها فرامبوییدی دیاژنزی به صورت یوهدرال تشکیل می­شدند. عدم مشاهده پیریت­ها فرامبویید در سایر افق­های شیلی شناسایی شده در برش چینه­شناسی دونین فوقانی در ناحیه مطالعه شده می­تواند نشان­دهنده شرایط کاملاً اکسیک آب باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the formation of pyrite framboids in the upper Devonian marine black shales of southeast of Central Iran: an approach to evaluation of water oxygen level in paleoenvironments

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. H. Rahiminejad 1
  • H. Zand-Moghadam 2
1 Assist. Prof., Dept., of Ecology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
2 Assoc. Prof., Dept., of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, formation of pyrite framboids was investigated in two upper Devonian marine black shale intervals in south of the Tabas Block in southeast of central Iran. In order to identify and study the morphology of the pyrite framboids, polished section slides were prepared from pyrite-bearing black shale samples. The section slides from the shale samples were examined and photographed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The identified pyrite framboids are spheroid to sub-spheroid in shape and consist of several euhedral and octahedral-euhedral compact microcrystals. Generally, the diameter of the pyrite framboids range from 5 μm to 18 μm. The relative abundance and size distribution of the pyrite framboids in the studied shale intervals show that the identified pyrite framboids were mainly formed during the early diagenesis below the redox boundary, within the sediments of a nearshore marine substrate, under a slightly dysoxic–oxic water column. The absence of pyrite framboids in the other shale intervals in the studied Devonian succession may indicate fully oxic conditions in the water column.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sedimentology
  • Kerman
  • Pyrite framboid
  • Shale
  • Redox boundary
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