ریزرخساره ها، محیط رسوبی و بررسی نوسانات عمق دیرینه نهشته های سازند گورپی (بوشهر، جنوب باختری ایران)

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترا، گروه زمین‌شناسی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد گروه زمین‌شناسی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه زمین‌شناسی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران

4 استادیار گروه زمین‌شناسی، واحد خرم‌آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خرم‌آباد، ایران

5 سازمان زمین‌شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی ریزرخسار­ه­ها، محیط­رسوبی و نوسانات عمق دیرینه حوضه رسوبی سازند گورپی در جنوب باختری ایران می­باشد. مطالعات سنگ­شناسی و رخساره­ای منجر به شناسایی سه ریزرخساره مربوط به بخش­های عمیق یک حوضه گردید. نبود شواهد رسوبی از جمله کلسی­توربیدایت­ها، رسوبات لغزشی و ریزشی، رخساره­های ریفی، رخساره­های آنکوییدی و پیزوییدی مشخصه شلف لبه­دار بیانگر رسوب­گذاری سازند گورپی در یک بخش عمیق حوضه می­باشد. بر اساس نسبت درصد فرامینیفرهای پلانکتونیک به فرامینیفرهای بنتیک و درصد مورفوتایپ 3 و با استفاده از فرمول  D = e (3.58718+ (0.03534 × %P))برای بخش­های عمده سازند گورپی در برش­های مورد مطالعه، عمقی بین 450 تا 602 متر معرفی گردید که بیانگر رسوب­گذاری رخساره­های این سازند در بخش عمیق حوضه (Basin) می­باشد. فراوانی روزنداران پلانکتونیک نظیر الیگوستژینید و گلوبوترونکانا در رخساره­های این سازند بیانگر ته­نشینی این رسوبات در یک حوضه عمیق می­باشد به گونه­ای که رخساره­های این محیط دارای ویژگی­های وابسته به کمربند رخساره­ای شلف عمیق (Deep shelf) هستند. بررسی تغییرات عمق دیرینه حوضه‌ی رسوبی سازند گورپی بر اساس مورفوتایپ‌های فرامینیفرهای پلانکتونیک در برش­های مورد مطالعه، نشانگر آن است که سازند گورپی دارای روندی پسرونده بوده که این روند بر اساس مورفوتایپ­های روزن­داران منطبق بر روند بر انبارش رسوبی می­باشد به گونه­ای که بیشترین عمق حوضه به زمان کامپانین پسین- میانی و مائیستریشتین پسین با گسترش رخساره­های مادستونی تا وکستونی  و کمترین عمق حوضه رسوبی مربوط به زمان سانتونین تا کامپانین پسین با گسترش رخساره­های وکستونی تا پکستونی می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Microfacies, sedimentary environment and study of paleodepth fluctuations of Gurpi Formation deposits (Bushehr, Southwestern Iran)

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Dalvand 1
  • S. H. Vaziri 2
  • V. Ahmadi 3
  • K. Mirbeik Sabzevari 4
  • L. Bakhshandeh 5
1 Ph. D. Student, Dept., of Geology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Prof., Dept., of Geology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assoc. Prof., Dept., of Geology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
4 Assist. Prof., Dept., of Geology, Khorramabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad, Iran
5 Geological Survey of Iran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this research is to investigate the microfacies, sedimentary environment and paleodepth fluctuations of the Gurpi Formation sedimentary basin in southwestern Iran. Lithological and facies studies led to the identification of three microfacies related to the deep parts of a basin. The absence of sedimentary evidences such as calcareous turbidities', slip and fall sediments, reef facies, anchoid and pisoid facies characteristic of the edged shelf indicates the deposition of Gurpi Formation in a deep part of the basin. Based on the ratio of the percentage of planktonic foraminifers to benthic foraminifers and the percentage of morphotype 3 and using the formula D = e (3.58718+ (0.03534 × P%)) for the major parts of the Gurpi Formation in the studied sections, a depth between 450 and 602 meter was introduced, which indicates the sedimentation of the facies of this formation in the deep part of the basin. The abundance of planktonic foraminifera such as Oligosteginid and Globotruncana in the facies of this formation indicates that these sediments were deposited in a deep basin, so that the facies of this environment have characteristics related to the deep shelf facies belt. Examining the paleodepth changes of the Gurpi Formation sedimentary basin based on the morphotypes of planktonic foraminifers in the studied sections, indicates that the Gurpi Formation had a regressive trend, and this trend is consistent with the trend of its sedimentary deposits based on the foraminifera morphotypes. The type where the maximum depth of the basin is during the Late-Middle Campanian and Late Maeistrichtian with the expansion of mudstone to wackestone facies and the lowest depth of the sedimentary basin is related to the Santonian to late Campanian with the expansion of wackestone to packstone facies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Gurpi Formation
  • Sedimentary environment
  • Microfacies
  • Morphotype

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 09 خرداد 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 10 مرداد 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 شهریور 1403

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